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Intestinal Epithelial Vitamin D Receptor Expression in IBD Patients and in Experimental Colitis

Vitamin D-deficiency is very prevalent in inflammatory bowel diseases. Global vitamin D receptor (VDR) deletion exaggerates colitis in mice, but the anti-colitic roles of immune and intestinal epithelial VDR are unclear. Here we report that epithelial VDR expression was substantially reduced in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and VDR up-regulation in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) prevented mice from developing colitis. In both 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS...

Risk Factors for Bone Fragility and the Effect of a High-Fiber Diet on Bone Health in Type 2 Diabetes: Clinical and Preclinical Studies

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased fracture risk despite higher to normal bone mineral density (BMD). This suggests that bone quality aspects are impaired in patients with T2DM, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Given the recent worldwide rise in the prevalence of diabetes, diabetic bone disease is becoming an emergent health hazard. Thus, the management and treatment of diabetes are crucial to prevent further loss of quality of life and diab...

Body Representation: Insights from Health to Pathological Models

Body representation is a dynamic concept and refers both to stable and adaptable components of how the brain integrates multisensory information relative to body (such as position, posture, shape etc.) and related cognitive and affective processes (body knowledge, beliefs, feelings etc.). Here we explore various aspects of body representation in healthy and pathological models, including its neural basis, plasticity, and its role in conditions like phantom limb pain (PLP). Firstly, we affirm...

EXPLORING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS SHAPING ROOT GROWTH ANGLE IN CEREALS

Global food security and climate change represent major challenges faced by humankind during this century. Developing crops that have more resource efficient roots is an attractive solution to increase crop production sustainably whilst also enhancing soil carbon sequestration, and tolerance to stresses. The aim of my work during my PhD was to: - Identify key genes that control architectural root traits contributing to deeper rooting in cereal crops such as wheat and barley. - Introduce an ...

Pyrolysis of Waste Packaging & Marine Plastic Catalyzed by Commercial and Coal-fly-ash-synthesized Zeolites

In the first chapter, the plastic film residue (PFR) of a plastic waste recycling process was selected as pyrolysis feed. Both thermal and catalytic pyrolysis experiments were performed and coal fly ash (CFA) and X zeolites synthesized from CFA (X/CFA) were used as pyrolysis catalysts. The main goal is to study the effect of low-cost catalysts on yields and quality of pyrolysis oils. NaX/CFA, obtained using the fusion/hydrothermal method underwent ion exchange followed by calcination in order...

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