Innovative Strategies for Upward Frequency Regulation Provision by Renewables and Batteries

The increasing penetration of generation from Non-Programmable Renewable Energy Sources (NPRES) and the progressive decommissioning of synchronous generators causes a reduction in the physical inertia and control capabilities of the power system. The negative impact of this issue on frequency regulation can be mitigated by introducing faster control actions and by enabling also NPRES generation to contribute to such actions. In this regard, the paper proposes a comparison among three innovati...

Enhancing Management and Control of Renewable Energy Communities: A Practical Implementation

Renewable Energy Communities are integral to the European Commission's energy transition agenda. These communities foster the participation of citizens, local authorities, and enterprises in producing, exchanging, and consuming renewable energy locally. The community members benefit from various financial incentives, including payments for excess renewable production, a premium tariff for renewable shared energy, and the refund of part of the electricity bill. However, high penetration of ren...

Optimal Control of a Wind Farm-BESS Unit to Combine Synthetic Inertia and Fast Reserve

This paper introduces a Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based strategy to optimally control the active power exchange of a unit composed by a Wind Farm (WF) and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). In particular, the aim of the controller is to combine a Synthetic Inertia Service (SIS) with the Fast Reserve Service (FRS) as defined by the Italian Transmission System Operator (TSO). Specific versions of the MPC controller are then defined in order to realize one of the two services or to pro...

A M-IMU-to-Segment Alignment Procedure for Shoulder Angles Estimation: a Preliminary Study