The long activations of α2 glycine channels can be described by a mechanism with reaction intermediates ("flip")

The α2 glycine receptor (GlyR) subunit, abundant in embryonic neurons, is replaced by α1 in the adult nervous system. The single-channel activity of homomeric α2 channels differs from that of α1-containing GlyRs, as even at the lowest glycine concentration (20 μM), openings occurred in long (>300-ms) groups with high open probability (Popen; 0.96; cell-attached recordings, HEK-expressed channels). Shut-time intervals within groups of openings were dominated by short shuttings of 5-10 μs. The lack of concentration dependence in the groups of openings suggests that they represent single activations, separated by very long shut times at low concentrations. Several putative mechanisms were ftted by maximizing the likelihood of the entire sequence of open and shut times, with exact missed-events allowance (program hjcfit). Records obtained at several glycine concentrations were ftted simultaneously. The adequacy of the different schemes was judged by the accuracy with which they predicted not only single-channel data but also the time course and concentration dependence of macroscopic responses elicited by rapid glycine applications to outside-out patches. The data were adequately described only with schemes incorporating a reaction intermediate in the activation, and the best was a fip mechanism with two binding sites and one open state. Fits with this mechanism showed that for α2 channels, the opening rate constant is very fast, ∼130,000 s -1, much as for α1β GlyRs (the receptor in mature synapses), but the estimated true mean open time is 20 times longer (around 3 ms). The effcacy for the fipping step and the binding affnity were lower for α2 than for α1β channels, but the overall effcacies were similar. As we previously showed for α1 homomeric receptors, in α2 glycine channels, maximum Popen is achieved when fewer than all fve of the putative binding sites in the pentamer are occupied by glycine. © 2011 Krashia et al.